The Geopolitics of Pakistan's Neighbors: Iran and Afghanistan | Important for SSB GD

 Pakistan: Unsettled Relationship with all its Neighbour

Pakistan and Iran: An Unsettled Relationship

Pakistan and Iran share a complex relationship, marked by both cooperation and friction. Iran, an Islamic country with a Shiite majority, and Pakistan, a Sunni majority country, have their differences. However, they also have a shared history and cultural ties that contribute to their relations. Issues such as cross-border terrorism and sectarian differences have strained their ties at times. There have been instances of firing and border violations, leading to serious consequences for both nations. Pakistan's involvement with the Taliban has further complicated their relationship.

Also Read: Pakistan-Iran Crisis

Pakistan and Afghanistan: A Troubled Neighbor

Pakistan's relationship with Afghanistan has been characterized by numerous challenges. The presence of Afghan refugees in Pakistan has been a significant point of contention. The influx of refugees has put a strain on Pakistan's resources and security. Furthermore, Afghanistan's democratic government and Pakistan's alleged support for militant groups have led to violence and instability in the region. Ceasefire agreements and diplomatic efforts have been made to improve relations, but incidents of cross-border firing continue to occur.

Pakistan, China, and the China-Pakistan Economic Corridor (CPEC)

Pakistan's relationship with China is of great strategic importance to both nations. China's illegal occupation of Aksai Chin, a region claimed by India, has led to tensions between India and China. Pakistan's trade relations with China, particularly through the China-Pakistan Economic Corridor (CPEC), have further complicated the geopolitical landscape. The CPEC passes through Pakistan-occupied Kashmir, an area that India considers part of its territory. The economic and trade ties between China and Pakistan have raised concerns for India, as it strengthens the bond between its two neighbors.

The Geopolitical Impact on India

India's relations with its neighbors, particularly Pakistan, have been affected by the geopolitical dynamics of the region. The revocation of Jammu and Kashmir's special status by India in 2019 heightened tensions with Pakistan. The move was seen as an internal matter by India, but Pakistan strongly reacted to it. Diplomatic relations were suspended, and incidents of cross-border firing increased. However, efforts have been made to restore peace, and a ceasefire agreement between the armies of both nations has been put in place.

Conclusion

The geopolitical situation in South Asia is complex, with Pakistan at the center of various regional dynamics. Its relationships with Iran and Afghanistan are marked by both cooperation and friction, influenced by factors such as cross-border terrorism and sectarian differences. Pakistan's ties with China have raised concerns for neighboring India, particularly due to the China-Pakistan Economic Corridor passing through Pakistan-occupied Kashmir. The geopolitical landscape of the region has a significant impact on India and its relations with its neighbors. Efforts to address these challenges continue, with the hope of fostering stability and peace in the region.